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Resources » Paper

Xu, Yuyan et al. (2021) International Worm Meeting "Signals from the germline act systemically to regulate cytosolic protein oxidation in somatic cells in C. elegans"

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    Status:
    Publication type:
    Meeting_abstract
    WormBase ID:
    WBPaper00062985

    Xu, Yuyan, & Apfeld, Javier (2021). Signals from the germline act systemically to regulate cytosolic protein oxidation in somatic cells in C. elegans presented in International Worm Meeting. Unpublished information; cite only with author permission.

    The reversible formation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues is an important post-translational modification that modulates the activity of hundreds of cytosolic proteins involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. Little is known about the intercellular signaling pathways that can sway the oxidation of these proteins in a concerted manner. The primary determinant of cysteine oxidation across the proteome is the glutathione redox potential (EGSH). The mechanisms that regulate this potential in vivo remained largely unexplored until the development of the EGSH -specific, reduction-oxidation-sensitive Green Fluorescent Protein (roGFP) family of genetically-encoded biosensors. These GFP-derived biosensors include two cysteines that form a (reversible) intramolecular disulfide bond upon oxidation, resulting in spectral changes that can be quantified via fluorescence-ratio microscopy. Using these biosensors, we determined the extent to which the germline regulates protein oxidation in different somatic tissues C. elegans. We found that ablation of the germline lowers cytosolic protein oxidation in multiple tissues, including the intestine, pharyngeal muscles, and vulval muscles. Within the pharynx, germline ablation affects both the overall level of cytosolic protein oxidation and the spatial pattern of protein oxidation within the tissue. The effects of germline ablation on pharyngeal muscle protein oxidation are mediated in part by the partially redundant action of the DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF transcription factors. We have begun identifying the specific germline cell types that modulate protein oxidation in different tissues. Our finding suggest that the germline sends signals that act systemically to promote protein oxidation in somatic cells in C. elegans.

    Affiliation:
    - Northeastern University, Boston, MA


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