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Comments on Yuanmei Zuo et al. (2008) "Cadherin Superfamily Proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae" (0)
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Yuanmei Zuo, Surjeet Mastwal, & Edward Hedgecock (2008). Cadherin Superfamily Proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae presented in a meeting. Unpublished information; cite only with author permission.
"Analysis of the complete genome of Caenorhabditis elegans has revealed a small, stable and ancient cadherin family comprising 12 genes. The soil nematodes C. elegans and C. briggsae diverged from a common ancestor roughly 100 million years ago but still retain strong morphological and genetic similarities such as identical chromosome numbers, similar genome sizes, significant levels of synteny as well as high sequence homology in genic regions. We used reciprocal C. elegans/briggsae cadherin sequence comparisons to identify additional C. elegans exons, modify exon boundaries, remove incorrectly predicted exons, which lead to the modification of 6 of the 12 C. elegans cadherin gene structures. Additionally, twelve orthologous genes were identified in C. briggsae. We observed size differences between the C. elegans and C. briggsae genes that are attributed to intron size change. Remarkably, the kinds and number of protein modules and their organization is nearly identical in the 12 C. briggsae/elegans orthologous pairs. Eleven changes in cysteine number and position in the extracellular regions have occurred indicating evolutionary changes in the folding of the orthologous C.elegans/briggsae proteins.The 12 cadherins proteins show high sequence conservation in C.elegans and C. briggsae, except CDH-3 , CDH-10 and CDH-12 .Mutational events such as these repeats, indels and substitutions have caused these protein regions to diverge radically. Our sequence data from other Caenorhabditis strains CB5161 and PB212 also show a drastic difference in these regions, supporting the conjecture that rapid change is an intrinsic property of these regions.Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the 12 C.elegans cadherin genes belong in 7 likely orthologous branches shared in common with other metazoans. Notably, sequence similarity, domain organization and phylogenetic analysis allow us to make several novel assignments of Drosophila cadherins as orthologs of C. elegans cadherins while confirming previously known relationships.Keywords: cadherin, genomic structure, protein evolution, phylogenetic analysis."