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Resources » Paper

Meyer BJ (2000) Trends Genet "Sex in the wormcounting and compensating X-chromosome dose."

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    PMID:
    10827451
    DOI:
    10.1016/S0168-9525(00)02004-7
    Status:
    Publication type:
    Review
    WormBase ID:
    WBPaper00004158

    Meyer BJ (2000). Sex in the wormcounting and compensating X-chromosome dose. Trends Genet, 16, 247-53. doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(00)02004-7

    The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans counts its X chromosomes to determine sex and to activate the process of dosage compensation, which ensures that males (XO) and hermaphrodites (XX) express equal levels of most X-chromosome products. The number of X chromosomes is communicated by a set of X-linked genes called X-signal elements, which repress the master sex-determination switch gene xol-1 via two distinct, dose-dependent molecular mechanisms in XX embryos. X-chromosome gene dosage is compensated by a specialized protein complex that includes evolutionarily conserved components of mitotic and meiotic machinery. This complex assembles on both X chromosomes of hermaphrodites to repress transcription by half. The recruitment of chromosome segregation proteins to the new task of regulating X-chromosome-wide gene expression points to the evolutionary origin of nematode dosage compensation.


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