Picture from Wu Y et al. (2001) J Biol Chem "Expression and secretion of a larval-specific chitinase (family 18 glycosyl ...."

Figure 7. Expression pattern of Ov-CHI-1 homologue in C. elegans. A, immunoblot of C. elegans life cycle stages probed with rabbit antiserum to recombinant C. elegans chitinase. Samples from left to right are as follows:lane 1, 3-day-old hermaphrodite; lane 2, L4 larvae; lane 3, L2-L3 larvae; lane 4, L1 larvae;lane 5, dauer larvae; lane 6, laid eggs.B, a panel of the corresponding samples probed with preimmune rabbit serum.

Picture from Wu Y et al. (2024) MicroPubl Biol "RAL-1 signaling regulates lipid composition in C. elegans."

Figure 1. RAL-1 regulates lipid homeostasis, biosynthesis and/or storage:A-C) Using an Oil Red O staining protocol we found that lipid storage was decreased in B) hgap-1(&#x2206;) relative to (A) wild-type animals. These data are quantitated in (C) as arbitrary units (a.u.) (P < 0.0001; posterior intestine showed). D-H) Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) imaging of lipid levels revealed decreased lipid in animals with constitutively active RAL-1. DIC (D, F) and SRS (E,G) imaging of animals with RAL-1 tagged at the N-terminal with mKate2::3xFlag. Wild-type (D, E) were compared to G26V constitutively activated RAL-1 (F, G). Pixel intensity was measured from the SRS images (E, G) in the areas illustrated with red and black circles of 35 μm (D). Background (black circle) was subtracted from the anterior intestine (red circle) in the SRS image to yield a value for lipid content. These data for various experiments were graphed as normalized SRS intensity (H-K). H) Comparison of tagged wild-type vs. G26V constitutively activated RAL-1 animals. I) Comparison of wild-type vs. ral-1(sig) (ral-1(gk628801[R139H]) signaling deficient RAL-1 (no tag for either). J) Comparison of tagged RAL-1 single mutant or double mutants with mutations in exoc-8, sec-5, or rlbp-1. exoc-8(Δ) is the ok2523 deletion, rlbp-1(Δ) is the tm3665 deletion, and sec-5(*) causes a premature stop at codon 369 of 884 residues in SEC-5. K) Comparison of tagged wild-type or G26V constitutively active RAL-1 single mutant or double mutants with mutations in exoc-8, sec-5, or rlbp-1. Data within each panel were scored concurrently but data between panel scored on different days. (Note difference in baseline of tagged RAL-1 between panels J and K. Data in C, H, I, J and K were subjected to the T-test.) Error bars represent SEM. *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001, ****<0.0001, n.s. = not significant.

Picture from Wu Y-C et al. (1998) Cell "The C. elegans cell corpse engulfment gene ced-7 encodes a protein similar to ABC ...."

Figure 5. CED-7 Protein Expression. (A) Western blot analysis of CED-7 protein. We used affinity-purified anti-CED-7 antibodies to probe a blot of embryonic extracts from wild-type, ced-7(n1996), and ced-7(n2094) animals. Protein extracts (200 μg) were loaded in each lane. That the equal amount of protein was loaded in each lane was confirmed by Ponceau S staining (data not shown). The sizes of molecular weight markers (High range, Bio-Rad) and the position of the CED-7 protein are indicated.(B) Anti-CED-7 antibody staining of a wild-type embryo at approximately the 50-cell stage (left) and a wild-type embryo at 558-cell stage (right). The two brightly stained cells on the ventral midbody of the right embryo are Z2 and Z3, the germline precursor cells. The bar represents 10 μm; the same scale applies to (C)-(F).(C) Anti-CED-7 antibody staining of a ced-7(n1996) mutant embryo at approximately the 50-cell stage, prepared in parallel to (B) and lacking any specific staining.(D) Anti-CED-7 antibody staining of the head of a wild-type L1 (first larval stage) hermaphrodite. The pharyngeal-intestinal valve and the cell bodies of the two amphid sheath cells are indicated by open and closed arrows, respectively. Anterior is to the left. This picture is a projection of four serial confocal images.(E) Anti-CED-7 antibody staining of the tail of a wild-type L1 hermaphrodite. The two phasmid sheath cells are indicated by arrows. Anterior is to the left.(F) Anti-CED-7 antibody staining of the germline in part of the anterior gonadal arm of a wild-type adult hermaphrodite.

Picture from Jarriault S et al. (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A "A Caenorhabditis elegans model for epithelial-neuronal ...."

(A) The epithelial marker CHE-14::GFP is expressed in Y. (Right) Fluorescent photomicrograph of Y expressing CHE-14::GFP in a newly hatched L1 animal (40 of 40 early L1s expressed che-14 in Y). (Left) The corresponding Nomarski photomicrograph. CHE-14 can be detected at the apical side of the Y cell, bordering the rectal slit (white arrow), and some faint fluorescence can be seen in Y cytoplasm; note that both sides of the rectal slit are marked with CHE-14, although only one is shown in focus; arrowhead, Y nucleus.

Picture from Jarriault S et al. (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A "A Caenorhabditis elegans model for epithelial-neuronal ...."

(B) The epithelial markers DLG-1 and AJM-1 are expressed in Y. Fluorescent photomicrographs of the subapical part of the Y cell (white arrowheads) expressing both DLG-1 (green, Left) and AJM-1 (red, Center) in the same L1 animal (overlay in yellow, Right; 41 of 41 and 27 of 27 early L1s expressed dlg-1 or ajm-1 in Y respectively); thin arrow, rectal slit.

Picture from Nehrke K et al. (2002) J Biol Chem "The NHX family of Na+-H+ exchangers in Caenorhabditis elegans."

Mosaic animals are shown that express nhx-4::GFP in the distal tip cell (dtc; Y and Z).

Picture from Jarriault S et al. (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A "A Caenorhabditis elegans model for epithelial-neuronal ...."

Fig. 4. Marker expression in Y and PDA. (A) The epithelial marker CHE-14::GFP is expressed in Y. (Right) Fluorescent photomicrograph of Y expressing CHE-14::GFP in a newly hatched L1 animal (40 of 40 early L1s expressed che-14 in Y). (Left) The corresponding Nomarski photomicrograph. CHE-14 can be detected at the apical side of the Y cell, bordering the rectal slit (white arrow), and some faint fluorescence can be seen in Y cytoplasm; note that both sides of the rectal slit are marked with CHE-14, although only one is shown in focus; arrowhead, Y nucleus. (B) The epithelial markers DLG-1 and AJM-1 are expressed in Y. Fluorescent photomicrographs of the subapical part of the Y cell (white arrowheads) expressing both DLG-1 (green, Left) and AJM-1 (red, Center) in the same L1 animal (overlay in yellow, Right; 41 of 41 and 27 of 27 early L1s expressed dlg-1 or ajm-1 in Y respectively); thin arrow, rectal slit. (C) PDA is a neuron in the L3 stage. Photomicrograph of the PDA motor neuron cell body (arrowhead) and axonal process (thick arrow) in a cog-1::gfp L3 larva. PDA's axon is first directed toward the posterior of the animal on its ventral side, then it runs round to the dorsal side through a right-handed commissure past the rectum (thick arrow) and goes toward the anterior part of the worm in the dorsal cord. In cog-1::gfp or ace-3/4::gfp animals, PDA's process (thick arrow) stops just posterior to the pharynx (asterisk). The anus is indicated by a thin arrow.

Picture from Keil W et al. (2016) Dev Cell "Long-Term High-Resolution Imaging of Developing C.elegans Larvae with ...."

Figure 6. Y Cell/PDA Neuron Transdifferentiation(A) Merged DIC and fluorescence micrographs of a wild-type larva expressing the transgene nsIs131 (exp-1pro::GFP). Insets show tail region of the animal, whiteoutline indicates Y cell/PDA neuron position. Left: early L2 stage; middle left: mid L2 stage; middle: late L2 stage; middle right: mid L3 stage; rightmost: L3 molt(3 ms/25 ms exposure DIC/GFP [1.2 W/mm2], 18 z slices, 1 mm spacing). Scale bar, 20 um.(B) Time course of fluorescence intensity at the position of the Y cell/PDA neuron for the animal in (A). Dashed line marks time points of L2 molt; dotted-dashedline, L3 molt.(C) Time course of fluorescence intensities at the position of the Y cell/PDA neuron for 25 animals. Dashed lines mark time points of L2 molt; dotted-dashed lines,L3 molt. Synchronous onset of exp-1 expression is revealed after traces are aligned to the L1 molt.

Picture from Chi W et al. (2006) Development "Promotion of oogenesis and embryogenesis in the C. elegans gonad by EFL-1/DPL-1 ...."

In-situ hybridization pattern of C01G8.1. The head of the animal is marked by an asterisk. Arrows mark medial germline and onset of expression. In-situ data courtesy of Y. Kohara (http://nematode.lab.nig.ac.jp).

Picture from Chi W et al. (2006) Development "Promotion of oogenesis and embryogenesis in the C. elegans gonad by EFL-1/DPL-1 ...."

In-situ hybridization pattern of W05F2.3. The head of the animal is marked by an asterisk. Arrows mark medial germline and onset of expression. In-situ data courtesy of Y. Kohara (http://nematode.lab.nig.ac.jp).