Picture from Oomura, Shun et al. (2022) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. Microparticle bombardment with hygromycin B screening for C. inopinataA. Plasmids for microparticle bombardment. They contain transgenes and the hygromycin resistance cassette. B. Time schedule for microparticle bombardment and hygromycin B screening for C. inopinata. After the bombardment of young adults of C. inopinata, worms were distributed to 10 recovery plates per one shot. On Day 2, hygromycin B was added to each plate. Within three weeks, most non-transformed worms and transient transformants harboring extrachromosomal arrays were killed by hygromycin B, and survivors could be isolated as candidates for transgene integrants. C-E. Fluorescent images of C. elegans and C. inopinata integrant strains expressing GFP markers. C. GFP::H2B histone in hermaphrodite/female adults. Scale bars = 200 μm. D. GFP::PH domain in adult hermaphrodite/female gonads. Scale bars = 40 μm. E. GFP::TBB-2 in one- cell embryos. Scale bars = 10 μm.

Picture from McClanahan P et al. (2023) MicroPubl Biol "Dry-freezing Steinernema carpocapsae infective juveniles for robust ...."

Figure 1. Survival and virulence of Steinernema carpocapsae after cryopreservation by several methods developed for Caenorhabditis elegans:(A) Survival of S. carpocapsae infective juveniles (IJs) after freezing. IJs were frozen for two weeks either after suspension in liquid freezing buffer with glycerol or with trehalose and DMSO, or after desiccation in a solution of glycerol, trehalose, or sucrose. After one week, vials in the "dry trehalose + freezer failure" conditions were removed from -80 °C storage for 24 h and then returned. Each marker represents data from one cryovial, with 294-2619 animals counted per vial. Markers with the same shape indicate IJs originating from the same White trap. (B) Brightfield images of S. carpocapsae on agar. (top) An IJ 24 h after thawing and rehydration and (bottom) a control IJ stored at 4 °C for two weeks. Heads are on the right. (C) Virulence of IJs from recovered stocks. Mortality of Galleria mellonella larvae 72 h after 10:1 inoculation with S. carpocapsae IJs from White traps containing cadavers infected with never-frozen control IJs (control), IJs recovered from freezing in a suspension of liquid trehalose-DMSO buffer, or IJs recovered from dry freezing with trehalose. Negative control animals were placed in an infection dish inoculated with buffer only. Each marker represents data from a single infection dish containing 10 G. mellonella larvae and approximately 100 IJs. Markers with the same shape correspond to trials carried out with IJs originating from the same White trap prior to freezing, except in the case of negative controls (no White traps). There is no significant difference in mortality among positive control, liquid trehalose-DMSO, and dry trehalose conditions (p = 0.31, Kruskal-Wallis test). In panels A and C, IJs originating from at least two separate White traps were used for each condition, and gray bars represent the mean while error bars represent the SEM.