Picture from Liegeois S et al. (2007) Genetics "Genes required for osmoregulation and apical secretion in Caenorhabditis ...."

Figure 8. VHA-5 and actin microfilament distributions are jointly reorganized during molting. Confocal micrographs showing the distributions of actin, as revealed by the vha-8::vab-10ABD::yfp construct noted ABD::YFP (it corresponds to the actin-binding domain of VAB-10 fused to YFP), VHA-5::CFP, and DLG-1::RFP transgenes at four different time points during larval development. (A) XY projections showing actin and VHA-5. Actin microfilaments form parallel bundles during molts (first and third rows), which become disorganized between molts (second and fourth rows). VHA-5 distribution (second column) follows the same pattern, forming aligned dots during molts and dispersed dots in intermolts. Both markers colocalized during molts (merge pictures). (B) Magnification of the apical side of the epidermis during the L4-adult molt when actin bundles are better organized. VHA-5::CFP dots (arrowheads) colocalize with ABD::YFP on the most apical and parallel actin bundles in both XY and XZ projections, rather than on the faint and less organized subapical actin filaments that we reproducibly observed in XZ projections (arrows). (C and D) ABD::YFP bundles surrounding the seam cells (arrowheads) colocalize with DLG-1::RFP at the apical junctions between the hyp7 syncytium (H) and seam cells (S). VHA-5::CFP is shown in violet in A and B (to enhance the contrast) and in blue in C and D.

Picture from Bosher JM et al. (2003) J Cell Biol "The Caenorhabditis elegans vab-10 spectraplakin isoforms protect the ...."

Figure 5. VAB-10A and VAB-10B form alternating circumferential bands in the larval epidermis. (Top) Confocal projections (A, B, C, D, and E-E''), and optical section through the apico-basal axis along the area marked with a double arrow (A', B', C', and D') after staining wild-type adult animals (A/A', D/D', and E'/E'') or L1 larvae (B/B' and C/C'); mAb staining is in red. (A/A') VAB-10A pAbs and myosin heavy chain-specific mAb 5.6.1.1; note the respective orientations (A) and thickness (A') of sarcomeres and FOs. (B/B') VAB-10A pAbs (green) and mAb MH4 (IFs; red); both proteins colocalize. (C/C') VAB-10A pAbs and mAb MH46 (myotactin); these proteins do not generally colocalize. (D/D') mAb MH5 (VAB-10A; green) and VAB-10B K22 pAbs (violet); these proteins do not colocalize and VAB-10B extends slightly further than VAB-10A. (E-E'') Differential interference contrast picture (E) of the animal immunostained with VAB-10B K22 pAbs (E'); the merged image (E'') shows that VAB-10B is found at the furrows separating annuli (arrowheads; due to the permeabilization treatments, their morphology is rather poor). The K32 antiserum revealed the same pattern, but it was much fainter (not depicted). Bar, 10 um (A and D), 2.5 um (B and C), or 5 um (E). (Bottom) Immunogold- labeled micrographs showing the positions of VAB-10A (F and G), and VAB-10B (H) obtained with 4F2 and K22 antibodies, respectively. In the epidermis, VAB-10A (but not VAB-10B) is enriched in FOs (arrowheads, gold particles; white arrows, dense bodies; F and G are from different sections). The specificity of staining is indicated by the signal-to-noise ratio measured by counting gold beads in sections stained with 4F2 or K22 primary antibodies, versus in control sections without primary antibody. 4F2: epidermis, 36.7 ± 4.6, and muscle, 0.9 ± 0.2; K22: epidermis, 4.3 ± 0.5, and muscle, 3.7 ± 0.6 (n = 2). Bars: 500 nm (F and H) and 100 nm (G).