Picture from Ellington, Clayton T. et al. (2020) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. C. elegans show negative chemotaxis behavior in response to the plant terpenoid carvone: (A) Chemotaxis assays were performed on 35 mm circular plates divided into quadrants. Behavior in the N2 wild type strain was scored in response to experimental compounds (E, plant compounds dissolved in ethanol) and solvent (vehicle control, 100% ethanol). (B) Chemotaxis behavior was neutral for solvent and most plant compounds, including eugenol (pink), cis-jasmone (light orange), linalool (dark orange), and (-)alpha-thujone (green). Worms were repulsed by S-(+)-carvone (dark blue). Groups not connected by the same letter are significantly different. (C) Chemotaxis behavior was scored across divergent worm strains in response to S-(+)-carvone (dark blue), solvent (yellow) and (-)alpha-thujone (green). There was a significant effect of compound, but not strain, on chemotaxis response. (D) Chemotaxis behavior in response to stereoisomers of carvone, including S-(+)-carvone (dark blue) and R-(-)-carvone (light blue), was measured in wild type (N2) and two chemosensation mutant strains, osm-9 and tax-4. Groups not connected by the same letter are significantly different.

Picture from White, Rebekah J et al. MicroPubl Biol

(a) Location of the study sites around Iracambi, Minas Gerais State, in the southeast of Brazil (modified from Google Earth). Right: photograph of characteristic vegetation of each study site (RF, EU and GR); (b) Microfauna minitrap setup using 15 ml Falcon tube and stockings; (c) Microfauna isolated from three subsystems. Left and middle: GR, image taken using Leica MC170 HD. Right: Images taken using Swift Instruments International Stereo M23 and smartphone. Right top: RF, likely plant parasitic Meloidogyne sp. third-stage juvenile. Right middle: RF, likely predatory Tripyla sp. Right bottom: GR, likely free-living Alaimidae family.

Picture from Schlein, Melissa L et al. (2023) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. Comparing gentle touch response sensitivity in Aβ-expressing glutamatergic neurons. Control animals expressing only GFP in the glutamatergic neurons (light grey) vs. Aβ-expressing worms (dark grey) display significantly different gentle touch behavior in response to only solvent in both anterior (A) and posterior (B) assays. Gentle touch response is rescued in Aβ worms following exposure to several specific Salvia species extracts (A, B; shaded backgrounds). Error bars: s.e.m. N = 3; n = 30 per extract tested; one-way ANOVA with a Tukey's post-hoc test, #P<0.0001; ***P<0.0005; *P<0.05; **P<0.005; ****P<0.0001. (C) Investigated Salvia species are displayed, along with the location in Turkey and date they were isolated. The Herbarium of Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy number assigned to each of these isolates is provided, along with the yield of powdered, aerial air-dried plant material, initially extracted in methanol.