Picture from Chen C et al. (2009) PLoS Genet "Defects in tRNA modification associated with neurological and developmental ...."

Figure 3. ELPC-1 is differentially expressed in C. elegans. (A-C) Confocal fluorescence micrographs of an hermaphrodite of the genotype elpc-1(tm2149); svEx557[Pelpc-1::elpc-1::gfp]. The large arrow in A denotes the posterior bulb of the pharynx. The smaller arrows denote sensory neurons in the head. The arrowhead indicates a body muscle. In B and C, specific sensory neurons in the head are indicated. (D-O) Micrographs of elpc-1(tm2149); svEx557[Pelpc-1::elpc-1::gfp] worms viewed with either Nomarski differential contrast (DIC) (D,F,H,J,L,N) or fluorescence (E,G,I,K,M,O) optics. The arrows in D and E indicate an ASK sensory neuron; in F and G, an HSN; in H and I, a CAN cell; in J and K, a PLM neuron; in L and M, a cell in the intestine. The green fluorescence in O is from cells in the developing vulva. Scale bars denote 10 microns.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2011) Cell "An intercellular heme-trafficking protein delivers maternal heme to the embryo ...."

Figure 3. HRG-3 Is Secreted from the Maternal Intestine (A) IQ8031 harboring the transcriptional reporter Phrg-3::GFP was maintained at 2 mM heme in axenic mCeHR-2 medium. Arrow indicates GFP expression in the intestine. Scale bars, 20 mm. (B) Transgenic worms with the translational reporter Phrg-3::HRG-3::YFP were grown at 2 mMheme in axenic mCeHR-2 medium. YFP localization was examined at day 4 by confocal microscopy. Arrowhead, Golgi apparatus in the intestine; Arrow, coelomocytes. Scale bars, 10 mm. (C) HRG-3::mCherry was expressed using an intestine-specific vha-6 promoter and analyzed by confocal microscopy. HRG-3::mCherry was observed in coelomocytes (C), pseudocoelom (P), gonads (G), and uterus (U). Scale bars, 20 mm. (D) The HRG-3::mCherry transgenic strain was crossed into strain RT1315, which expresses the Golgi-localized mannosidase (Mans)-GFP fusion protein. Images from these double transgenic worms were acquired by confocal microscopy. Arrowhead, Golgi apparatus in the intestine; Arrow and C, coelomocytes. Scale bars, 5 mm. (E) Fluorescence protease protection assays in transfected HEK293 cells treated with digitonin and proteinase K. Time-lapse images were acquired in live cells by epifluorescence microscopy. Scale bars, 10 mm. (F) Fluorescence (YFP) and immunofluorescence (HA) analyses of HRG-3 constructs in HEK293 cells. Galactosyltransferase (GalT)-CFP was used as a Golgi marker. Scale bars, 10 mm. (G) Immunoblots of HRG-3 constructs. Left panel shows western blots of HRG-3 proteins expressed in HEK293 cells and probed with GFP antibody. Right panel shows the western blot of HRG-3-HA expressed either in HEK293 cells (lane 5) or in an in vitro transcription and translation system (IVT, lane 6) and probed with a HA antibody. The size difference between HRG-3-GFP (lane 1) and HRG-3DN::GFP (lane 2, top band) is 0.4 kDa and between HRG-3N-GFP (lane 3) and GFP (lane 4) is <0.1 kDa. Lane 2 contains HRG-3 fusion protein (asterisk) and a smaller degradation product.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2011) Cell "An intercellular heme-trafficking protein delivers maternal heme to the embryo ...."

Figure S2. hrg-3 Is Expressed in Late-Stage Embryos, Larvae, Adults, and Males, Related to Figure 3.A mixed population of IQ8031(Phrg-3::GFP) worms were maintained on RP523 prepared at 4 mM heme. Male IQ8031 worms were generated by feeding withHT115(DE3) bacteria expressing double-stranded RNA against him-14 followed by crossing with IQ8031 hermaphrodites. Images were acquired at day 4. Scale bars, 20 um.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

(B-C) ODR-4 co-localizes with the ER marker TRAM-1 (B), and ODR-4 and ODR-8 partially co-localize with each other (C).

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

Figure 4. ODR-10-GFP is retained in the ER in odr-8 mutants. (A) ODR-10-GFP co-localizes predominantly with RAB-8 and LMP-1 markers in wild type animals, but with ER markers in odr-8(ky31) mutants. (B-C) ODR-4 co-localizes with the ER marker TRAM-1 (B), and ODR-4 and ODR-8 partially co-localize with each other (C).

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

Figure 2. ODR-8 is co-expressed with ODR-4 in chemosensory neurons. (A) ODR-4 and ODR-8 are co-expressed in the same head and tail neurons. (B-D) Cell-specific rescue of odr-8(ky31) phenotypes. Like ODR-4, ODR-8 is required in AWA neurons for odortaxis to diacetyl (B), and in ADL neurons to sustain aggregation behavior (C) and high locomotory activity in 21% oxygen (D). The podr-10 promoter drives expression only in the AWA neurons; psrh-220 drives expression in ADL neurons; podr-3 drives expression in AWA, AWB, AWC, ASH and ADF. ** p,0.01 (ANOVA, Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test) compared to non-transgenic controls.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

Figure S5 Co-localization of ODR-10-GFP with various markers in AWA neurons. (A-D) Examples of co-localization analysis of ODR-10-GFP with different markers in wild type (A-B) and odr-8 mutants (C-D). See Methods for details. (E-F). Quantification of ODR-10-GFP co-localization with different markers in wild type (E), and odr-8 mutants (F). Asterisks indicates p,0.01 by ANOVA, Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

(A) ODR-10-GFP co-localizes predominantly with RAB-8 and LMP-1 markers in wild type animals.

Picture from Chen C et al. (2014) PLoS Genet "An ER complex of ODR-4 and ODR-8/Ufm1 specific protease 2 promotes GPCR ...."

ODR-8 is co-expressed with ODR-4 in chemosensory neurons. (A) ODR-4 and ODR-8 are co-expressed in the same head and tail neurons.

Picture from Chen F et al. (2000) Science "Translocation of C. elegans CED-4 to nuclear membranes during programmed cell ...."

Figure 1. CED-9 and CED-4 are localized to mitochondria in WT embryos. (A) CED-9 expression in a WT embryo of ~30 to 50 cells. (B) Mitotracker Red localization in the same embryo as in (A). (C) Merged image of (A) and (B). (D) CED-4 expression in a WT embryo of ~200 cells. (E) Mitotracker Red localization in embryo in (D). (F) Merged image of (D) and (E).