Picture from Lee MH et al. (2007) PLoS Genet "Conserved regulation of MAP kinase expression by PUF RNA-binding ...."

Immunocytochemistry of dissected adult hermaphrodite germlines stained using both MPK-1 antibodies (G) and DAPI (H). Distal end, arrowhead; dotted lines, boundaries between regions of germline maturation [MR (mitotic region), TZ (transition zone), PR (pachytene region), OO (oocytes), SP (sperm)].

Picture from Lee MH et al. (2007) PLoS Genet "Conserved regulation of MAP kinase expression by PUF RNA-binding ...."

In situ analysis of dissected adult hermaphrodite germlines. (D) Total mpk-1 RNA was assessed using the mpk-1ab antisense probe shown in (A). (E) mpk-1b RNA was assessed using an isoform-specific antisense probe shown in (A). (F) Negative control, using an mpk-1b-specific sense probe. [MR (mitotic region), TZ (transition zone), PR (pachytene region), OO (oocytes), SP (sperm)].

Picture from Lamont LB et al. (2004) Dev Cell "FBF-1 and FBF-2 regulate the size of the mitotic region in the C. elegans ...."

Figure 4. FBF-1 and FBF-2 Proteins Are Expressed in Distinct Patterns that Are Responsive to FBF Activity. (A, B, E-G) Extruded adult germlines, distal end is to left. Germlines were treated identically, and confocal images were taken with the same settings at the same magnification for comparison of (A) to (B) and of (E) and (F) to (G). White arrowheads highlight the distal and proximal boundaries of staining.(A) FBF-1 staining in wild-type germline.(B) FBF-1 increases in both extent and amount in fbf-2(q738) germlines.(C and D) Replicate gels run with recombinant proteins: Coomassie-stained polyacrylamide gel (C) and Western blot with anti-FBF-2-specific antibodies (D).(E) FBF-2 staining in wild-type germline.(F) FBF-2 staining in fbf-2(q738) single mutant.(G) FBF-2 increases in amount in fbf-1(ok91) single mutant germ lines, with respect to wild-type.(H) Summary of effects of fbf-1 and fbf-2 mutations on mitotic region. MR, mitotic region; n.d., no data. Distance from DTC scored in nuclei for MR length and proximal end of FBF staining. Asterisk indicates value is significantly different from wild-type (p < 0.001).

Picture from Park YS et al. (2000) Biochem Biophys Res Commun "Alternative splicing of gar-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans G-protein-linked ...."

Figure 5. RT-PCR of the three gar-1 mRNAs at various develop- mental stages. RT-PCR was performed, with a primer pair flanking the i3 loop (MF-i3/MR-i3), using stage-specific RNA as a template (see Materials and Methods). The PCR products were analyzed on an 1% agarose gel. The expected sizes of the PCR products for gar-1a, gar-1b, and gar-1c are 1281, 1188, and 1008 bp, respectively (from top to bottom). E, embryo; L1, first larval stage; L2, second larval stage; L3, third larval stage; L4, fourth larval stage; and A, young adult.

Picture from Hirota K et al. (2024) MicroPubl Biol "SAMS-1 is required for the normal defecation motor program in Caenorhabditis ...."

Figure 1. Loss of function of sams-1 affects the defecation cycle time and Exp/pBoc ratio:(A) Average defecation cycle times (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) for wild-type and mutant worms carrying sams family genes. The average defecation cycle time was determined by the time between pBoc steps. ns; the value is not significant.(B) Average defecation cycle times (mean ± SD) for wild-type and sams-1 mutant worms in the absence or presence of 30 mM choline. The average defecation cycle time was defined as the time between pBoc steps. The time to reach adulthood was defined as "0 h." Blue bars, representing defecation cycle time in N2 choline (-); yellow bars, representing N2 choline (+); green bars, representing sams-1(ok3033) choline (-); and brown bars, representing sams-1(ok3033) choline (+). ns; the value is not significant.(C) The percentage of defecation behaviors with Exp steps (mean ± SD) for wild-type and sams-1 mutant worms in the absence or presence of 30 mM choline. The time to reach adulthood was defined as "0 h." Blue bars, representing defecation cycle time in N2 choline (-); yellow bars, representing N2 choline (+); green bars, representing sams-1(ok3033) choline (-); and brown bars, representing sams-1(ok3033) choline (+). ns; the value is not significant.

Picture from Minniti AN et al. (1996) Genetics "Genetic and molecular analysis of spe-27, a gene required for spermiogenesis in ...."

FIGURE10. Localization of spe-27 expression by in situ hybridization. Males were dissected and hybridized with a digoxygenin antisense RNA probe to a spe-27 cDNA followed by antidigoxygenin antibodies coupled to alkaline phosphatase and a substrate that shows up as dark brown staining. Nomarski optics is combined with fluorescence of DM1 stained nuclei. Dark staining is found in the spermatocytes, which are in the lower middle of the figure, and in the scattered residual bodies (r) outside the testis. Spermatids (Sd) and the distal tip of the testis (d), where cells are still in mitosis, lack staining. Controls with no antisense RNA were essentially blank except for staining to the gut, which presumably represents endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity (data not shown). The gut is the dark staining region wrapping around the spermatids.

Picture from Velayudhan, Satheeja Santhi et al. (2022) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. Analysis of temperature-sensitivity in orthologous mutations:(A) Graph showing sterility of C. briggsae mutant hermaphrodites at three temperatures. Circles represent the percent displaying the trait, and lines represent 95% confidence limits, calculated using the Wilson/Brown method, implemented by GraphPad Prism. (B) Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) image of a glp-4(v473) XX animal at 25° C. The yellow arrow marks the vulva. There is no visible germ line. Anterior is left and ventral is down. (C) DIC image of a fog-1(v441) XX animal at 20°C. The yellow arrow marks the vulva. The uterus is empty and only oocytes are differentiating in the germ line. Three of them are outlined in yellow. (D) DIC image of a heterozygous fog-1 XO male, showing oocytes outlined in yellow, as well as sperm (white arrows).

Picture from Ryu JS et al. (2013) PLoS One "The 53BP1 homolog in C. elegans influences DNA repair and promotes apoptosis in ...."

Figure 1. The 53BP1 homolog in C. elegans, HSR-9 protein, accumulates in the nuclei of C. elegans germ cells in response to c-rays. (A) HSR-9 is the most similar of the predicted open reading frames in C. elegans to human 53BP1 in its C-terminal BRCT domains (27% amino acid identity) and N-terminus (21% amino acid identity). The regions controlling nuclear focus formation (Foci) and the Tudor domains are also conserved [22,34]. (B) The deletion in hsr-9(ok759) is shown in blue in this representation of the gene, and the Mos1 insertion is in brown. The polypeptide fragment used for antibody production is indicated by the pink bar. (C) HSR-9 was immuno-localized to the nuclei of wild-type germ cells in the mitotically proliferating region of gonads 3 h after c-ray (75 Gy) treatment. Scale bar, 10 um.

Picture from Garcia, Jessica et al. (2019) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. (A) Wiring diagrams of the reproductive circuit (top) and defecation motor circuit (bottom). HSN (green) and VC (blue) neurons synapse onto each other and the vm2 muscles for egg laying. Data from White J.G. et al. (1986) indicate HSN and VC also make and receive synapses from AVL and DVB, excitatory GABA motor neurons that regulate the contraction of the enteric muscles (em) for defecation. Arrows indicate chemical synapses, and + or - indicates a presumptive excitatory or inhibitory synapse, respectively. Bar-headed lines indicate gap junctions (e.g. electrical synapses). (B) Scatterplots showing average DMP frequencies (min-1) from ten wild-type (grey), HSN-deficient egl-1(n487dm) and egl-1(n986dm) mutants (red), gain-of-function egl-47(n1082dm) (pink), and egl-8(sa47) PLC null mutant adults (brown) after recording for 5 min. Error bars indicate the 95% confidence interval for the mean. Asterisk indicates p<0.0001; n.s. indicates p=0.5208 (One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons).

Picture from Phillips CM et al. (2005) Cell "HIM-8 binds to the X chromosome pairing center and mediates chromosome-specific ...."

Figure 3. HIM-8 is a C2H2 Zinc-Finger Protein that Localizes to Distinct Nuclear Foci during Meiosis. (A) Three-dimensional projection through a wild-type gonad stained with DAPI and antibodies against HIM-8. Subnuclear HIM-8 foci are present in all germline nuclei throughout the premeiotic, transition-zone, and pachytene region of the gonad. The transition-zone region outlined by the yellow box is magnified in (B).(B) Prior to meiotic entry, two HIM-8 foci (yellow) are observed in each nucleus. Examples of premeiotic nuclei in which two foci can be clearly observed are outlined in brown circles. Once nuclei have entered the transition zone, representing the leptotene/zygotene stages of meiosis, they usually reveal only a single HIM-8 focus or closely spaced pair of foci. The scale bar represents 5 μm.(C) Schematic representation of the HIM-8 protein. The diagram displays the location of two predicted zinc fingers as well as the sites of point mutations or deletions resulting from the four mutant alleles of him-8.