Picture from Negishi, Takefumi et al. (2019) MicroPubl Biol

(A) Chemical structural formula of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and acetoxymethyl indole-3-acetic acid (IAA-AM). (B) Frames from time lapse videos of ieSi58 [Peft-3::degron (AID*)::GFP]; ieSi57 [Peft-3::AtTIR1::mRuby] laid embryos in IAA (1 mM) or IAA-AM (1 mM); elapsed time (hours:minutes) from the beginning of recording is indicated. GFP panels show maximum intensity projection images, and green fluorescent signal is colored with "Fire" look-up-table. Scale bar, 20 μm. (C) Plots of green fluorescent (GF) intensity in timelapse observation. Red lines: IAA-AM treatment of ieSi58 ieSi57 embryos, green lines: IAA-AM treatment of ieSi58 embryos (no TIR1 present), blue lines: IAA treatment of ieSi58 ieSi57 embryos. Mean values of GF intensity in eggshells were obtained every three minutes, and normalized by the intensity at 0 min. (D) Comparison of GF depletion between IAA and IAA-AM treatment of ieSi58; ieSi57 embryos. Mean values of GF intensity within eggshells were obtained after each treatment (two hours), and normalized with that of the beginning, *** indicates p < 0.01, p= 1.6 x 10-8 (Wilcoxon rank sum test). (E) Representative images of os169 ieSi57 adults, which are IAA or IAA-AM treated during embryos development (two hours).

Picture from Zhu M et al. (2015) PLoS One "Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Inducible Kinase-1 (SGK-1) Plays a Role in Membrane ...."

Fig 1. Both putative sgk-1(null) alleles abolished the plasma membrane localization of MIG-14::GFP in intestinal cells. Confocal images of theintestine of wild type (A, A'), sgk-1(ok538) (B, B') and sgk-1(mg455) (C, C') animals expressing MIG-14::GFP. In wild type intestinal cells, MIG-14::GFP is seen on the basolateral membrane (arrows, best viewed on a focal plane near the top of the cell) but not on the apical membrane (arrowheads, best viewed on a focal plane in the middle of the cell). Scale bars: 5 um.

Picture from Hasnain, Pirzada et al. MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. Phylogenetic annotation of Caenorhabditis elegans 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) genes:(A) Bayesian phylogenetic tree constructed using the LG + I + G model (M-Coffee alignment, best model according to BIC). Deduced amino acid sequences were used, and the mitochondrial lineage was set as the root. Numbers indicate the posterior probability support for each node. Saccharomyces cerevisiae SSA1 (NP_009396.2), SSA2 (NP_013076.1), SSA3 (NP_009478.1), SSA4 (NP_011029.3), KAR2 (NP_012500.3), and SSC1 (NP_012579.1); Coral Acropora millepora HSP70cA1 (XP_029210797.1), HSP70cB1 (XP_029206535.1), HSP70cB2 (XP_029194855.1), HSP70erA1 (XP_029187601.1), HSP70mA1 (XP_029208733.1); Homo sapiens HSPA1A/B (NP_005337.2), HSPA1L (NP_005518.3), HSPA2 (NP_068814.2), HSPA5 (NP_005338.1), HSPA6 (NP_002146.2), and HSPA9 (NP_004125.3). (B, C) M-coffee alignment of C. elegans (Ce) and A. millepora (Am) Hsp70s. Residues characteristic to the cytosolic, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondrial lineages are shown in blue, green, and red, respectively. The HSP70cA-specific serine residues are highlighted. The potential target of gene conversion is indicated by a black triangle. Numbers on the right of each panel indicate amino acid numbers from the N-terminus.

Picture from Barbosa DJ et al. (2017) PLoS Genet "Dynactin binding to tyrosinated microtubules promotes centrosome centration ...."

(A), (B) Correlation plots of GFP::p50DNC-2versus EBP-2::mKate2 intensity (A) anddynein heavy chainDHC-1::GFP versus EBP-2::mKate2 intensity (B), measured at thecortex of metaphase one-cell embryos. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and P-valueindicating statistical significance are on top right. The best-fit line of a linear regressionwith 95% confidence bands is also shown.

Picture from Zhu M et al. (2015) PLoS One "Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Inducible Kinase-1 (SGK-1) Plays a Role in Membrane ...."

Fig 1. Both putative sgk-1(null) alleles abolished the plasma membrane localization of MIG-14::GFP in intestinal cells. Confocal images of theintestine of wild type (A, A'), sgk-1(ok538) (B, B') and sgk-1(mg455) (C, C') animals expressing MIG-14::GFP. In wild type intestinal cells, MIG-14::GFP isseen on the basolateral membrane (arrows, best viewed on a focal plane near the top of the cell) but not on the apical membrane (arrowheads, best viewedon a focal plane in the middle of the cell). Scale bars: 5 um. (D) Quantitation of average pixel intensity of MIG-14::GFP localized in the cytoplasm. The average intensity is denoted with a red line. *** P value <0.001, ** P value <0.01 (Wilcoxon rank sum test).

Picture from Parker S et al. (2009) Mol Biol Cell "Caveolin-2 is required for apical lipid trafficking and suppresses basolateral ...."

Figure 1. Caveolin-2 is located in the apical membranes of intestinal cells and in intracellular CAV-2 bodies. (A, C, and D) Confocal images of C. elegans carrying a cav-2::gfp transgene. CAV-2::GFP is expressed in the intestine (I) and is localized to the apical membrane (AM), as shown in A and at higher magnification in C and D. A and D are overlaid with transmitted light images. I, intestine; AM, apical membrane; BM, basolateral membrane; L, lumen; P, pharynx. (B) Staining with an antiCAV-2 antibody confirms expression in the intestine. L, lumen; P, pharynx. (E and F) CAV-2 shows a punctate distribution in the apical membrane. (E) Confocal images of a section of apical membrane in CAV-2::GFP-expressing worms and (F) worms stained with an antiCAV-2 antibody. (G and H) CAV-2 is also localized in vesicular structures (CAV-2 bodies). Confocal images of CAV-2 bodies (CB) identified by CAV-2::GFP labeling (green). Autofluorescent gut granules (GG) are shown in red. Scale bars, 10 um.

Picture from Cuenca AA et al. (2003) Development "Polarization of the C. elegans zygote proceeds via distinct establishment and ...."

Figure 3. GFP:MEX-5 and PIE-1:GFP dynamics in wild-type embryos (Movies 5 and 6). (A) Pronuclear formation. (B-D) Pronuclear migration. (D) Pseudocleavage. (F) Pronuclear meeting. (G) Mitosis. (H) Two-cell stage. Note that PIE-1:GFP accumulates in the male pronucleus during pronuclear migration, on the posterior centrosome during mitosis, and in the P1 nucleus in the two-cell stage. PIE-1:GFP and GFP:MEX-5 also accumulate on the cytoplasmic P granules (best seen in the movies).

Picture from Barbosa DJ et al. (2017) PLoS Genet "Dynactin binding to tyrosinated microtubules promotes centrosome centration ...."

S1 Fig. Dynein-dynactin levels and dynamics at the cell cortex.(A), (B) Correlation plots of GFP::p50DNC-2versus EBP-2::mKate2 intensity (A) anddynein heavy chainDHC-1::GFP versus EBP-2::mKate2 intensity (B), measured at thecortex of metaphase one-cell embryos. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and P-valueindicating statistical significance are on top right. The best-fit line of a linear regressionwith 95% confidence bands is also shown.(C), (D) Residency times of EBP-2::mKate2 (C) and GFP::p50DNC-2(D) puncta at thecortex of metaphase one-cell embryos. The total number (n) of MT plus ends scored isindicated, derived from at least 8 embryos.

Picture from microPublication Biology

Figure 1. Geographical location, ambient and substrate temperatures, and lifetime fecundities at four temperatures for the ten Hawaiian C. briggsae wild strains: A. Geographical locations of the ten Hawaiian C. briggsae strains. B. Scatter plot showing a relationship between the ambient and substrate temperatures for each of the ten strains. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Spearman's rank correlation test (ρ = 0.902, p = 3×104). The solid line indicates the reference line. The dashed line indicates the best-fit line. C. Lifetime fecundities of the ten strains at four different temperatures from 10 - 13 replicates were tested. No significant differences were observed between the low- and high-temperature isolates at 15°C, 20ºC, 25°C, or 30°C (p = 0.067, 0.316, 0.872, and 0.305 respectively, Wilcoxon test).

Picture from Woodruff GC et al. (2024) MicroPubl Biol "A ubiquinone precursor analogue does not clearly increase the growth rate of ...."

Figure 1. A ubiquinone precursor analogue does not clearly increase the growth rate of C. inopinata: (a) clk-1 exhibits a one-fold decrease in expression across three developmental stages in C. inopinata compared to C. elegans. Data from (Woodruff et al. 2024). (b) Estimates of developmental timing were made with logistic models. For a given plate, the number of worms at a given developmental stage (in this example, the L4 stage) were counted at least once per day until all animals reached adulthood. The number of worms younger than the L4 stage (Milestone status = 0) or at the L4 stage and older (Milestone status = 1) were plotted over time. A logistic model was fit to this data (solid blue line), and the time at which 50% of the animals were predicted to have passed the milestone was determined (dotted and dashed lines). These estimates of median time to the developmental milestone were then plotted (c) and analyzed. (c) The timing of developmental events on DHB. The y-axis represents the median time to the developmental milestone as inferred in (b). Each point represents a plate. Sina plots are strip charts with points taking the contours of a violin plot; black bars represent means. C. elegans WT, PD1074; C. elegans (clk-1), MQ130; C. inopinata WT, NKZ35. The different facets represent the times to the L4 and adult developmental milestones. (d) Cohen's d effect sizes of DHB compared to NGM plates without the compound (using the data shown in (c)). Positive values represent faster developmental rates on DHB. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals generated with one thousand bootstrap replicates of the data. (e) Many ubiquinone synthesis pathway genes are downregulated in C. inopinata. Plotted are the log2 fold changes in RNA expression of ubiquinone synthesis pathway genes at each developmental stage between C. elegans and C. inopinata. Data from (Woodruff et al. 2024 G3). Genes included here are homologs of yeast genes previously reported to contribute to the synthesis of ubiquinone from synthetic analogues (Xie et al. 2012). R144.13 is a homolog of the yeast gene COQ10 (by best reciprocal blastp hit). Y62E10A.6 is a homolog of the yeast gene ARH1 (by best reciprocal blastp hit), which may participate in ubiquinone synthesis (Pierrel et al. 2010). There are no clear single-copy orthologs of the yeast gene COQ9 in C. elegans. YAH1 (implicated in ubiquinone synthesis in yeast (Pierrel et al. 2010)) has a single-copy ortholog in C. elegans (Y73F8A.27), but this gene has no clear best-reciprocal blast hit in C. inopinata. clk-1 is the nematode homolog of the yeast gene COQ7. All p-values were corrected for multiple tests, and error bars represent 95% confidence intervals (see (Woodruff et al. 2024) for details regarding RNA-seq data and analysis).