Picture from Sullivan-Brown JL et al. (2016) Genetics "Identifying Regulators of Morphogenesis Common to Vertebrate Neural Tube ...."

Figure 5 (A) Ea/Ep cell cycle times are reduced in some sptf-3 (RNAi) embryos. In wild-type embryos, the Ea cell cycle (left column) is 40.33 6 0.39 min, and the Ep cell cycle (right column) is 42.64 6 0.39 min. In sptf-3(RNAi) embryos, the cell cycle of the Ea and Ep cells is reduced to 37.28 6 0.65 and 39.51 6 0.57 min, respectively. Ea and Ep cell cycle timing is not changed in abi-1(RNAi), gex-3(RNAi), and ced-4 (RNAi) embryos. **P , 0.01. Excluded is one abi-1(RNAi) embryo that had an anomalous delay outside the range shown here (Ea = 62 min; Ep = 64 min). Cells that failed to internalize are shown in red. Gray indicates cells that internalized. Means are represented by thick black bars. (B) mNeonGreen::SPTF-3 is enriched in all nuclei during gastrulation (nine of nine embryos filmed). Arrowheads mark Ea/Ep nuclei. Bar, 10 um.

Picture from Sullivan-Brown JL et al. (2016) Genetics "Identifying Regulators of Morphogenesis Common to Vertebrate Neural Tube ...."

(B) mNeonGreen::SPTF-3 is enriched in all nuclei during gastrulation (nine of nine embryos filmed). Arrowheads mark Ea/Ep nuclei. Bar, 10 um.

Picture from Wittmann C et al. (1997) Development "The expression of the C. elegans labial-like Hox gene ceh-13 during early ...."

Figure 3. Localization of ceh-13 mRNA in a 26-cell-stage C. elegans embryo by whole-mount in situ hybridization. Nomarski picture showing staining in Ep (arrowhead).

Picture from Linhart C et al. (2012) Genome Res "A novel candidate cis-regulatory motif pair in the promoters of germline and ...."

Supp. Fig 5. pas-5p::GFP transgene expressed from an extrachromosomal array. (A) Spermatheca (sp), sheath cells (sh), vulva (vul), uterus (ut), muscle (mu), epidermis (ep). (B) Distal tip cell (dtc).

Picture from Jenna S et al. (2005) Mol Biol Cell "Regulation of membrane trafficking by a novel Cdc42-related protein in ...."

Figure 6. CRP-1 is expressed in a subset of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Cellular localization of CRP-1::GFP was assessed by observation of GFP epifluorescence in embryos at early comma (A) and threefold (B) stages, in L1 (C) and dauer (D) larvae, as well as in hermaphrodite and male adults (E-K). The Pharynx (Ph.), the intestinal valve (Int. V.), the intestinal epithelium (Int.), the excretory cell (Exc.), the socket cells (So.), the sheath cells (Sh), the vulva epithelium (V. ep.), the rectum epithelium (R. ep.) and the stroma epithelium (Str.) are indicated. Scale bars, 20 um.

Picture from Lee KK et al. (2000) Mol Biol Cell "C. elegans nuclear envelope proteins emerin, MAN1, lamin, and nucleoporins ...."

(B) C. elegans embryos triple stained for DNA (Hoechst 33258, left) and by indirect immunofluorescence with the use of antibodies against Ce-lamin (green) and tubulin (red; right; imaged by confocal microscopy). The stages of mitosis were determined by chromosome morphology and corroborated by tubulin staining patterns: I, interphase; PMP; prometaphase; LP, late prophase; EP, early prophase; M, metaphase.

Picture from Zhu JW et al. (1997) Genes Dev "end-1 encodes an apparent GATA factor that specifies the endoderm precursor in ...."

Figure 12. end-1 transcript expression in wild-type embryos. In situ hybridization shows that end-1 mRNA is expressed only in the E lineage. end-1 mRNAs are first detected in the E cell of an eight-cell embryo (A). Expression is also seen in Ea and Ep of a 15-cell embryo (B) and in the four granddaughters of E in an ~50-cell embryo (C). The arrowheads point to E and its descendants. Anterior is at the left, and dorsal is at the top.

Picture from Lee KK et al. (2002) Mol Biol Cell "Lamin-dependent localization of UNC-84, a protein required for nuclear ...."

Figure 6. UNC-84 localization during mitosis. Wild-type embryos (100-300 cells) were stained with rat anti-UNC-84 antibodies (right panels) and Hoechst 33258 to stain DNA (left panels), viewed by fluorescence microscopy and photographed at different stages of the cell cycle. A representative nucleus from each stage is shown: IP, interphase; EP, early prophase; LP, late prophase; PM, prometaphase; MT, metaphase; EA, early anaphase; LA, late anaphase and TL, telophase. Nuclear staining was detected in all stages of mitosis except late anaphase, consistent with other nuclear membrane markers (Lee et al., 2000).

Picture from Sullivan-Brown JL et al. (2016) Genetics "Identifying Regulators of Morphogenesis Common to Vertebrate Neural Tube ...."

Figure 8 Ea/Ep cell apical surface shrinking and cell compaction are affected by gex-3(RNAi) and mNeonGreen::GEX-3 localization.(A) E cell positions over time; images are from end-1::CAAX-GFP uninjected control and gex-3(RNAi) embryos. (B) Lengths of exposed E cell apical surfaces were measured in end-1::CAAX-GFP uninjected control and gex-3(RNAi) embryos over time. The exposed surfaces began to narrow in gex-3(RNAi) embryos, but at later time points the membranes remained exposed on the embryo surface. *P , 0.05. (C) Cell isolation experiments with control and gex-3(zu196) cells. The contact length ratio (cell-cell contact length/cell diameter) is used as a metric for cell compaction (see Materials and Methods for details). gex-3(zu196) cells have a small but statistically significant reduction in cell contact length ratios. *P , 0.05. White asterisks mark the Ea/Ep cells. (D) mNeonGreen::GEX-3 localization in an embryo during gastrulation. Arrowheads mark the single E cell in the first image and the apical contact between its daughter cells, Ea/p, in other images. Arrows mark an Ea/MS granddaughter apical border, at which mNG::GEX-3 appeared enriched in 10 of 14 embryos. Bar = 10 um except for lower-right frame, which is a magnified view of the +27-min time point in another focal plane, bar, 5 um.

Picture from Pocock R et al. (2004) Development "A regulatory network of T-box genes and the even-skipped homologue vab-7 ...."

Figure 5. Embryonic expression of tbx-8 and tbx-9 reporters. The earliest detectable tbx-8::GFP and tbx-9::GFP expression is seen in the nuclei of the gut cell precursors Ea and Ep at the onset of gastrulation, around 100 minutes following first cleavage (A-B). Ea and Ep are moving dorsally, into the interior. (A) TBX-8::GFP (Ea, arrowhead, Ep, arrow), (B) TBX-9::GFP (Ea, arrowhead, Ep, arrow). tbx-8 and tbx-9 are subsequently expressed in muscle and hypodermal cells. (C) Expression of tbx-8::GFP in dorsal muscle cells (arrows) and lateral hypodermal cells (arrowheads) at the 1.5-fold stage. To confirm these cells types, co-staining was performed with muscle and hypodermal specific markers. (D) TBX-9 stained green with a GFP antibody. The outlines of muscles cells are stained red with the muscle antibody NE8/4C6.3 and dorsal muscle cells expressing tbx-9 are indicated (arrows). Similar results were obtained for TBX-8 (data not shown). (E-I) Hypodermal expression of tbx-8::GFP and tbx-9::GFP. TBX-8::GFP (E) and TBX-9::GFP (F) can be seen in the nuclei of dorsal hypodermal cells undergoing intercalation (around 300 minutes following first cleavage). The expression is particularly strong in cells that are just starting to intercalate (E,F, arrows). Outlines of cells undergoing the early stages of intercalation are shown with a black dotted line. Weaker expression can also be seen in lateral hypodermal cells (E,F, arrowheads). (G-I) Embryo co-stained with antibodies to show TBX-9::GFP in green and LIN-26 (expressed in all hypodermal cells) in red. (G) Green channel only showing cells expressing TBX-9::GFP stained with a GFP antibody. (H) Red channel only showing cells expressing LIN-26. (I) Merged image. Yellow nuclei strongly expressing both LIN-26 and TBX-9 can be seen in dorsal hypodermal cells that are beginning to intercalate (white solid arrow). Once cells are intercalated at the anterior TBX-9 expression is weaker and nuclei appear orange-yellow (dashed arrow). Cells at the posterior that have yet to intercalate express TBX-9 very weakly in this embryo and the nuclei appear orange-red (dotted arrow). Weak TBX-9 expression can also be seen in lateral hypodermal cells, in which the nuclei appear orange (arrowhead). Ventral hypodermal cells (not visible in this focal plane), which express LIN-26 but not TBX-9, stained red (not shown). Underlying muscle cell nuclei, which express TBX-9 but not LIN-26, appear green (blue arrow). Similar results were obtained with a tbx-8::GFP reporter. Posterior is to the right in all panels. Scale bar, 10 um.