Na H et al. (2013) Methods Cell Biol "Proteomic studies of isolated lipid droplets from bacteria, C. elegans, and mammals."

Yang L, Zhang H, Na H, Cichello S, Zhang P, Liu P, Xie Z, Ding Y, Yang F, Wang Y

[Methods Cell Biol, 2013]

Lipid droplets (LDs) are an intracellular organelle, consisting of a neutral lipid core covered by a monolayer of phospholipids and proteins. It primarily mediates lipid storage, metabolism, and transportation. Recently, research of LDs has emerged as a rapidly developing field due to the strong linkage between ectopic lipid accumulation and metabolic syndromes. Recently, more than 30 proteomic studies of isolated LDs have identified many important LD proteins that have highlighted and have also predicted the potential biological roles of the organelle, motivating the field to develop quite rapidly. This chapter summarizes methods used in proteomic studies for three representative species reported and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. We believe that this chapter provides useful information and methods for future LD proteomic studies especially for LDs in other species.

Ciche T (2007) WormBook "The biology and genome of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora."

Ciche T

[WormBook, 2007]

Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is an entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) mutually associated with the enteric bacterium, Photorhabdus luminescens, used globally for the biological control of insects. Much of the previous research concerning H. bacteriophora has dealt with applied aspects related to biological control. However, H. bacteriophora is an excellent model to investigate fundamental processes such as parasitism and mutualism in addition to its comparative value to Caenorhabditis elegans. In June 2005, H. bacteriophora was targeted by NHGRI for a high quality genome sequence. This chapter summarizes the biology of H. bacteriophora in common and distinct from C. elegans, as well as the status of the genome project.

Freeman MN et al. (1998) "Establishment of quality assurance procedures for aquatic toxicity testing with the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans"

Williams PL, Marse TJ, Freeman MN

[1998]

In this study initial data were generated to develop laboratory control charts for aquatic toxicity testing using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Tests were performed using two reference toxicants: CdCl2 and CuCl2. All tests were performed for 24 h without a food source and for 48 h with a food source in a commonly used nematode aquatic medium. Each test was replicated 6 times with each replicate having 6 wells per concentration with 10 +/- 1 worms per well. Probit analysis was used to estimate LC50 values for each test. The data were used to construct a mean laboratory control chart for each reference toxicant. The coefficient of variation (CV) for three of the four reference toxicant tests was less than 20%, which demonstrates an excellent degree of reproducibility. These CV values are well within suggested standards for determination of organism sensitivity and overall test system credibility. A standardized procedure for performing 24 h and 48 h aquatic toxicity studies with C. elegans is