Insr [Search on AGR]
Homo sapiens This gene encodes a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate alpha and beta subunits that form a heterotetrameric receptor. Binding of insulin or other ligands to this receptor activates the insulin signaling pathway, which regulates glucose uptake and release, as well as the synthesis and storage of carbohydrates, lipids and protein. Mutations in this gene underlie the inherited severe insulin resistance syndromes including type A insulin resistance syndrome, Donohue syndrome and Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
Insr [Search on AGR]
Rattus norvegicus Enables several functions, including enzyme binding activity; insulin binding activity; and insulin receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including brain development; negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process; and neuron projection organization. Located in several cellular components, including dendrite membrane; external side of plasma membrane; and neuronal cell body membrane. Used to study chronic kidney disease; diabetic neuropathy; liver disease (multiple); and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease; diabetes mellitus (multiple); hepatic encephalopathy; liver disease (multiple); and short bowel syndrome. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Donohue syndrome; glucose metabolism disease (multiple); and reproductive organ cancer (multiple). Orthologous to human INSR (insulin receptor); PARTICIPATES IN altered leptin system pathway; insulin signaling pathway; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt signaling pathway; INTERACTS WITH (+)-catechin; (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid; (S)-nicotine.