Expr13485

Males containing either the fluorescent-tagged mapk-15A isoform showed expression in tail HOB and all 9 Rn CSNs.

Expr13486

Males containing either the fluorescent-tagged mark-15C isoform showed expression in tail HOB and all 9 Rn CSNs.

Expr2434

Previous study show that lin-32 is expressed in Rn cells. These constructs suggest that the lin-32 promoter may continue to be active in the nine Rn.a neuroblasts and their progeny, Rn.aa and Rn.ap. GFP fluorescence was observed in cells of the next generation. It is possible that this latter expresssion could result from perdurance of GFP. However, GFP perdurance in Rn.p was seen, which has a fluorescent signal only for a short period of time after Rn division.

Expr2320

Expressed in all 18 ray neuroblast (Rn) cells in L3 males beginning slightly later than mab-3::gfp, but unlike mab-3::gfp, it is not expressed in the lateral hypodermis. See Expr950 for mab-3::gfp expression pattern.

Expr1854

Fluorescence was detected in the hypodermal cells as early as the comma stage and throughout all the larval stages in the body hypodermis with the exclusion of seam cells. At the late L3 to L4 stages when ray cell differentiation took place, no dpy-11 promoter driven GFP signal was detected in the ray precursor (Rn) cells. Neither was there any signal detected in cells of the Rn.a branch differentiating into future neuronal derivatives. GFP signal was observed only in the Rn.p cells after they were born.

Expr2435

HLH-2 was not detectable in the seam cells that give rise to the ray precursor cells before the mid-L3 stage. Expression in the seam was first apparent in each of the nine Rn cells; upon the division of these cells, HLH-2 could be detected only in the anterior daughter, the ray neuroblast. Later expression of HLH-2 in ray sublineage cells(probably both Rn.aa and Rn.ap) was also observed, but unable to unambiguously identify individual cells because of the higher levels of HLH-2 expression directly underlying the hypodermis, in the male sex muscle cell lineages.

Expr14580

In adult males, the SWM-1::mCherry protein was present, as expected, in cells in which we observed the transcriptional reporter [Expr14579]: vas deferens cuboidal cells, diagonal muscles and body wall muscles. Within cuboidal cells, SWM-1::mCherry was contained within large vesicles that were closely associated with the apical membrane, which are not well-characterized but have been shown to contain seminal fluid (Smith and Stanfield, 2011; Lints and Hall, 2009; Kimble and Hirsh, 1979). In muscle cells, we observed SWM-1::mCherry at low levels that appeared to be concentrated near the cell cortex. Interestingly, in jn62[swm-1::mCherry], SWM-1::mCherry was also visible in anterior body wall muscles, rather than being restricted to the posterior region, corresponding to slightly higher levels of rescue and protein expression as compared with the Pswm-1 MosSCI reporter strain.

Expr12324

In contrast to a previous report (Zhao and Emmons, 1995), LIN-32::GFP expression was not observed in the Rn ("ray precursor") cells. Instead, expression was first apparent in the anterior daughters of these cells, the Rn.a or "ray neuroblast" cells. In wild-type animals, these cells undergo two additional rounds of division to generate the four postmitotic ray cells. Unexpectedly, we found that LIN-32::GFP was asymmetrically distributed in these divisions. When Rn.a divides, LIN-32::GFP is initially detectable in both daughter cells. However, its expression is maintained only in the anterior daughter, Rn.aa, such that LIN-32::GFP becomes rapidly undetectable in its sister Rn.ap. This pattern is repeated in the division of Rn.aa: shortly after an initially similar distribution of LIN-32::GFP, Rn.aaa displays high LIN-32::GFP levels, whereas expression in its sister Rn.aap, fated to undergo programmed cell death, is weaker. Several hours later, LIN-32::GFP becomes undetectable in Rn.aaa itself, as this cell differentiates into an RnA neuron. Thus, LIN-32 expression becomes reiteratively restricted to the anterior daughter cell shortly after two successive cell divisions.

Expr2929

plx-2 expression occurs predominantly in the nervous system from embryonic to adult stages. The onset of plx-2 reporter expression coincides with the normal timing of outgrowth or migration (e.g., CAN) of these neurons. Several nonneuronal tissues also express evIs136[plx-2::gfp] and evIs168[plx-2(+)::GFP] including gonadal sheath, vulva precursors, and excretory canal. Of most relevance, expression of both the transcriptional and translational reporters occurs throughout a number of stages of sensory ray morphogenesis in the male tail. Expression of the plx-2 translational reporter evIs168[plx-2::GFP] is observed during ray morphogenesis at the Rn stage in the early L3 larva in R1, 3, 5, and 7. This reporter continues to express faintly in the Rn.a descendents that form rays 1, 3, 5, and 7 of late L3 larvae, which coincides with the period during which lineally related Rn.a descendants sort from neighboring Rn.a descendants to form distinct rays. However, in mid-L4 larvae, expression appears restricted to the ray structural cell (Rnst) for rays 3, 5, 6, and 7, and this expression continues into the late-L4 larval stage. Ray 1 expression of both reporters is undetectable in late L4 larvae.