Expr13964

The rela- tively high expression of alkb-8 in the embryos de- creased in synchronized L1 larvae and steadily increased from the L2 stage to young adults

Expr1217

Type-II thiolase was detectable with anti-(P-44) throughout the life cycle of C. elegans; although the amount relative to the proteins of the whole nematode was larger at the larval stages (L1, L2, L3 and L4) than at the embryo (E), young adult (YA) or egg-lying adult (EA) stages.

Expr16352

We confirmed previous reports that the asic-1 promoter drives expression in the ADE, CEP, PVQ, PDE and PVD neurons (De Stasio et al., 2018; Husson et al., 2012; Voglis & Tavernarakis, 2008) and also observed expression in FLP and ventral cord neurons.

Expr46

Generalised expression in early embryos which becomes more restricted as development progresses. The pattern is first observed at 14 cells in the AB lineage, Ea/Ep and MSa/MSp. The germline and C/D lineages never stain and by 210 minutes the expression becomes restricted to what appears to be the AB lineage, particularly regions of the hypodermal cells. The pattern has not been observed after 430 minutes.

Expr558

Ubiquitous at the 1 to 26-cell stage. Staining declines in somatic cells, but remained constant in P4 at 28 to 100-cell stage. At the 100-cell through pretzel stage, staining is in Z2 and Z3. At the 1.5-fold through pretzel, there is de novo expression in body muscle as well as in Z2 and Z3.

Expr2976

The expression pattern of tbx-8 closely resembled that of tbx-9, but the expression intensity of tbx-8 was weaker than that of tbx-9. No signal for tbx-8 was detected in the E cell at the 8-cell stage. This may result from low intensity of the tbx-8 signal in the E cell because the expression of tbx-8 was observed in the Ea and Ep cells. Differences in the expression patterns between tbx-8 and tbx-9 could not be found after this stage.

Expr2946

tbx-9 is expressed in three different cell types in the embryo, gut, muscle and hypodermis. The earliest embryonic expression was detected in the E lineage gut cell precursors Ea and Ep at the beginning of gastrulation (100 minutes after first cleavage). Expression was seen in the direct descendents of Ea and Ep but was not obvious later in E lineage nuclei. tbx-9 was subsequently expressed in muscle and hypodermal cells. The expression of tbx-9 was stronger in dorsal hypodermal nuclei. This is particularly evident in embryos that have been co-stained with LIN-26 and GFP antibodies. Expression could also be seen in dorsal hypodermal nuclei undergoing contralateral migration following cellular intercalation, and in lateral hypodermal cells during dorsal intercalation, although expression in lateral hypodermal cells at this stage was weaker. Expression in lateral hypodermal (seam) cells could also be seen later in embryogenesis until the 1.5-fold stage. No expression was observed in ventral hypodermal cells. The earliest detectable muscle cell expression was seen around the 400-cell stage, when muscle cells were present as two rows on the left and right sides of the embryo.

Expr2945

tbx-8 is expressed in three different cell types in the embryo, gut, muscle and hypodermis. The earliest embryonic expression was detected in the E lineage gut cell precursors Ea and Ep at the beginning of gastrulation (100 minutes after first cleavage). Expression was seen in the direct descendents of Ea and Ep but was not obvious later in E lineage nuclei. tbx-8 was subsequently expressed in muscle and hypodermal cells. The expression of tbx-8 was stronger in dorsal hypodermal nuclei. This is particularly evident in embryos that have been co-stained with LIN-26 and GFP antibodies. Expression could also be seen in dorsal hypodermal nuclei undergoing contralateral migration following cellular intercalation, and in lateral hypodermal cells during dorsal intercalation, although expression in lateral hypodermal cells at this stage was weaker. Expression in lateral hypodermal (seam) cells could also be seen later in embryogenesis until the 1.5-fold stage. No expression was observed in ventral hypodermal cells. The earliest detectable muscle cell expression was seen around the 400-cell stage, when muscle cells were present as two rows on the left and right sides of the embryo.

Expr1036

APH-2 protein is first detected during oogenesis. APH-2 is associated with the plasma membranes that partially surround the developing oocyte nuclei and with the surface membranes of mature oocytes. In newly fertilized eggs and in early cleavage stage embryos, APH-2 is associated with the peripheral membranes of all blastomeres. The APH-2 protein can be detected on, or near, plasma membranes throughout the first 5-6 hours of embryogenesis. The APH-2 protein that is observed after the 28-cell stage may represent protein that persists from maternal expression of aph-2, or may result from de novo embryonic expression. aph-2 mutant embryos analyzed in this study lack both maternal and embryonic aph-2(+) activity, and fail to show any detectable APH-2 protein. Embryonically expressed APH-2 protein was not detected in early embryos that were obtained from aph-2 mutant hermaphrodites mated with aph-2(+) males.

Expr841

PAL-1 produced from zygotic transcripts is seen initially in C and D lineage cells that also expressed maternally derived PAL-1. As gastrulation begins, expression is seen in only Ca and Cp and then in their daughters, of which 2 are hypodermoblasts (Caa and Cpa) and 2 are myoblasts (Cap and Cpp). The GFP reporter is first detected at the late 2C-cell stage and then more strongly in the 4 daughters. At about 100 cells, expression is also detected in the 2 D-lineage myoblasts. Thereafter, PAL-1 continues to be detected in all C and D descendants until the end of gastrulation at about 350 cells. At about 180 cells (midgastrulation), the C hypodermal precursors, which express more strongly than the muscle precursors, form a characteristic double row on each side of the dorsal midline in the posterior. Thereafter, PAL-1 decreases in these cells and is no longer detectable with antibody after 350 500 cells. At about 250 cells, expression is detected in two AB cells that border the posterior left edge of the mesectodermal cell layer that is closing the ventral gastrulation cleft (ABplpappp and ABplppppp) and slightly later in the right homolog of one of them (ABprppppp). The daughters and granddaughters of these cells, generated after the cleft closes, continue to express strongly along the ventral midline until about the time of hatching. Beginning at about 360 cells, as morphogenesis begins, weak transient expression is detected in the posterior ectodermal P cells and occasionally in posterior V cells as both groups move ventrally. During this period the V cells become the lateral seam cells, and the P cells undergo their terminal embryonic divisions as they complete hypodermal enclosure of the embryo. Meanwhile, in the interior, pal-1 expression, detectable both with antibody and with reporter constructs, appears at about 350 cells in 2 Ea descendents near the middle of the gut primordium (the int5 pair) and in 2 anteriorly located MS descendants which migrate to the posterior and become the mesoblast M and the right intestinal muscle (mu intR). During early morphogenesis as the embryo develops through the comma stage and begins to elongate, all the pal-1-expressing cells (approximately 50) are located in the posterior ventral region, except for the 2 midgut cells which lie more dorsally. The descendants of ABpl/rppppp, as well as mu intR, move into the elongating tail and participate in formation of the rectal and associated intestinal muscles, as well as the ventral tail hypodermis. Expression diminishes during elongation and by hatching is detectable only in the 2 gut cells, M, mu intR, and 10 cells descended from ABpl/rppppp.