Expr8962

This transcriptional gap-3 reporter was expressed throughout C. elegans development and first detected in ball stage embryos. At the 1.5-fold stage, the GFP signal was observed mainly in hypodermal cells, and expression persisted throughout larval development until adulthood. Furthermore, the gap-3 reporter was expressed in some head neurons, in the spermatheca, in the seam cells, in the body wall muscles, and in the sex muscles of the adult hermaphrodite. Expression was also observed in some uterine cells but authors did not detect a GFP signal in the vulval cells, the excretory duct cell or the P12.p cell at any developmental stage.

Expr15104

The epidermis was the first epithelium to express dlg-1 mRNA. It was initially detected at the late 4E stage but with no detectableDLG-1 protein. The level of dlg-1 mRNA increased during the 8E stage and was maintained throughout the 16E and elongation stages (comma, 1.5-fold). DLG-1 protein was first observed during the late 8E stage, with puncta of protein visible on the membrane of nascent epidermal cells. These puncta began to coalesce at the early 16E stage and formed a continuous, circumferential junction by the mid-16E stage. The level of DLG-1 increased during the elongation stages (comma, 1.5-fold), as the cells changed shape to convert the embryo from a ball into a vermiform.The digestive tract began to express dlg-1 mRNA at the 8E stage, and, similar to the epidermis, the levels of RNA increased throughout the 8E and 16E stages. DLG-1 protein was first observed in midgut precursors at the early 16E stage, where puncta of protein appeared at the lateral surface and rapidly coalesced at the apical surface, in agreement with previous studies (Leung et al., 1999; Totong et al., 2007; Achilleos et al., 2010). By the mid-16E stage (20-40 min later), the puncta of DLG-1 had banded together to form cell junctions, which continued to expand and mature as the embryo elongated (comma, 1.5-fold stages). The RNA remained expressed in the intestine throughout all of these stages. In the foregut, DLG-1 protein was first detectable by the mid-16E stage, suggesting that translation of dlg-1 mRNA was delayed in this tissue by 20-40 min. We observed membrane-associated DLG-1 puncta on cell surfaces throughout the foregut at the 16E stage. These spots accumulated at the nascent apical surface by the bean stage, where they joined together to form connected junctions by the comma stage. The RNA remained expressed throughout these stages. The arcade cells are born during the mid-16E stage, starting 290 min after the first division (Sulston et al., 1983). The majority of these cells are anterior to the foregut primordium and express dlg-1 mRNA from birth. DLG-1 protein accumulated 100 min later in the arcades, after the epidermis and foregut had both formed epithelia and soon before the arcade cells became an epithelium (i.e., between the comma and 1.25-fold stage, 390-400 min after the first division; Portereiko and Mango, 2001; Portereiko et al., 2004). The presence of RNA but lack of protein was detectable by the 16E stage but was clearest at the comma stage, when the arcade cells clustered together as a group anterior to the foregut epithelium. Thus there was a delay in protein accumulation, suggesting that either the RNA was translationally repressed or protein was made but degraded immediately.

Expr15103

The epidermis was the first epithelium to express dlg-1 mRNA. It was initially detected at the late 4E stage but with no detectableDLG-1 protein. The level of dlg-1 mRNA increased during the 8E stage and was maintained throughout the 16E and elongation stages (comma, 1.5-fold). DLG-1 protein was first observed during the late 8E stage, with puncta of protein visible on the membrane of nascent epidermal cells. These puncta began to coalesce at the early 16E stage and formed a continuous, circumferential junction by the mid-16E stage. The level of DLG-1 increased during the elongation stages (comma, 1.5-fold), as the cells changed shape to convert the embryo from a ball into a vermiform.The digestive tract began to express dlg-1 mRNA at the 8E stage, and, similar to the epidermis, the levels of RNA increased throughout the 8E and 16E stages. DLG-1 protein was first observed in midgut precursors at the early 16E stage, where puncta of protein appeared at the lateral surface and rapidly coalesced at the apical surface, in agreement with previous studies (Leung et al., 1999; Totong et al., 2007; Achilleos et al., 2010). By the mid-16E stage (20-40 min later), the puncta of DLG-1 had banded together to form cell junctions, which continued to expand and mature as the embryo elongated (comma, 1.5-fold stages). The RNA remained expressed in the intestine throughout all of these stages. In the foregut, DLG-1 protein was first detectable by the mid-16E stage, suggesting that translation of dlg-1 mRNA was delayed in this tissue by 20-40 min. We observed membrane-associated DLG-1 puncta on cell surfaces throughout the foregut at the 16E stage. These spots accumulated at the nascent apical surface by the bean stage, where they joined together to form connected junctions by the comma stage. The RNA remained expressed throughout these stages. The arcade cells are born during the mid-16E stage, starting 290 min after the first division (Sulston et al., 1983). The majority of these cells are anterior to the foregut primordium and express dlg-1 mRNA from birth. DLG-1 protein accumulated 100 min later in the arcades, after the epidermis and foregut had both formed epithelia and soon before the arcade cells became an epithelium (i.e., between the comma and 1.25-fold stage, 390-400 min after the first division; Portereiko and Mango, 2001; Portereiko et al., 2004). The presence of RNA but lack of protein was detectable by the 16E stage but was clearest at the comma stage, when the arcade cells clustered together as a group anterior to the foregut epithelium. Thus there was a delay in protein accumulation, suggesting that either the RNA was translationally repressed or protein was made but degraded immediately.